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Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Firmicutes => Bacilli => Bacillales => Staphylococcaceae => Macrococcus => Macrococcus caseolyticus Kloos et al. 1998 Historical
synonyms: Micrococcus caseolyticus, Evans 1916, Staphylococcus caseolyticus Schleifer et al. 1982.
synonyms: Micrococcus caseolyticus, Evans 1916, Staphylococcus caseolyticus Schleifer et al. 1982.
Gram positive cocci, 1.1 - 2 μm, non-motile, non-sporing and occur singly, in pairs,
short chains and clusters.
short chains and clusters.
Colonies are lightly convex, entire, butyrous, glistening, and opaque. Unpigmented or
pale yellow. Colonies grow up to 3-4 mm in diameter on P agar. No or weak
anaerobic growth. Growth in 10% NaCl. Non-haemolytic; may produce partial
hemolysis (greening) of horse blood. Optimum temperature 35 ºC.Growth media:
Trypticase Soy Agar ± 5% sheep blood, Chapman (selective medium with 75 g/l NaCl
& mannitol)
pale yellow. Colonies grow up to 3-4 mm in diameter on P agar. No or weak
anaerobic growth. Growth in 10% NaCl. Non-haemolytic; may produce partial
hemolysis (greening) of horse blood. Optimum temperature 35 ºC.Growth media:
Trypticase Soy Agar ± 5% sheep blood, Chapman (selective medium with 75 g/l NaCl
& mannitol)
Isolated mainly from raw cow milk and dairy products (surface cheese bacteria), also from the reptiles saliva (Komodo dragon), or
cetaceans milk. Found in sheep and goat milk and meat products. Susceptible to Novobiocin (1.6 µg).
cetaceans milk. Found in sheep and goat milk and meat products. Susceptible to Novobiocin (1.6 µg).
Non-pathogenic or opportunistic pathogen. Hydrolytic enzymes presumably affect proteolysis and lipolysis during cheese ripening
and thus may contribute to cheese maturation.
and thus may contribute to cheese maturation.
- Holt J.G., Krieg N.R., Sneath P.H.A., Staley J.T., Wiliams S.T., 1994. Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, Ninth
Edition, Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore. Group 17, Gram-Positive Cocci, 527-558. - Schleiferi K.H., Kolpper-Balz R., Fischer U., Faller A. & Endl J.: Identification of "Micrococcus candidus" ATCC 14852 as a strain
of Staphylococcus epidermidis and of "Micrococcus caseolyticus" ATCC 13548 and Micrococcus varians ATCC 29750 as
members of a new species, Staphylococcus caseolyticus. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1982, 32, 15-20. - Jean-Claude Ogier, Olivier Son, Alexandra Gruss, Patrick Tailliez, & Agnes Delacroix-Buchet: Identification of the Bacterial
Microflora in Dairy Products by Temporal Temperature Gradient Gel Electrophoresis. Applied and Environmental Microbiology,
August 2002, p. 3691-3701, Vol. 68, No. 8. - Kloos W.E., Ballard D.N., George C.G., Webster J.A., Hubner R.J., Ludwig W., Schleifer K.H., Fiedler F. & Schubert K.:
Delimiting the genus Staphylococcus through description of Macrococcus caseolyticus gen. nov., comb. nov. and Macrococcus
equipercicus sp. nov., Macrococcus bovicus sp. nov. and Macrococcus carouselicus sp. nov. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1998, 48,
859-877. - Karl-Heinz Schleifer and Julia A. Bell, 2009. Family VIII. Staphylococcaceae fam. nov.. In: (Eds.) P.D. Vos, G. Garrity, D. Jones,
N.R. Krieg, W. Ludwig, F.A. Rainey, K.-H. Schleifer, W.B. Whitman. Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Volume 3: The
Firmicutes, Springer, 392-426.
Positive results for nitrate reduction, oxidase, catalase, acid production from: lactose,
maltose, trehalose & fructose.
Negative results for acetoin production, urease, coagulase-rabbit plasma, clumping factor, beta-glucosidase, acid production from:
mannitol, xylitol, raffinose, xylose, cellbiose, arabinose, salicin, melezitose, turanose.
Variable results for esculin hydrolysis, pyrrolidonyl arylamidase, deoxyribonuclease, acidification of sucrose.
maltose, trehalose & fructose.
Negative results for acetoin production, urease, coagulase-rabbit plasma, clumping factor, beta-glucosidase, acid production from:
mannitol, xylitol, raffinose, xylose, cellbiose, arabinose, salicin, melezitose, turanose.
Variable results for esculin hydrolysis, pyrrolidonyl arylamidase, deoxyribonuclease, acidification of sucrose.
(c) Costin Stoica
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