| Staphylococcus cohnii |
Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Phylum Bacillota (Firmicutes), Class Bacilli, Order Bacillales, Family Staphylococcaceae, Genus Staphylococcus, Staphylococcus
cohnii Schleifer and Kloos 1975, two subspecies:
- Staphylococcus cohnii subsp. cohnii Schleifer and Kloos 1975,
- Staphylococcus cohnii subsp. urealyticus Kloos and Wolfshohl 1991 (spelling ‘urealyticum’ corrected by Sneath in 1992).
cohnii Schleifer and Kloos 1975, two subspecies:
- Staphylococcus cohnii subsp. cohnii Schleifer and Kloos 1975,
- Staphylococcus cohnii subsp. urealyticus Kloos and Wolfshohl 1991 (spelling ‘urealyticum’ corrected by Sneath in 1992).
Gram-positive cocci, 0.5-1.2 μm, nonmotile, nonsporing. Occur singly or in pairs.
Facultatively anaerobic, 26-37 ºC. Grow at 15 ºC. Grow better in aerobic conditions.
Grow well in medium containing up to 10% NaCl, poor at 15% NaCl. Grow on media:
Trypticase Soy Agar ± 5% sheep blood, Chapman (selective medium with 75 g/l NaCl
& mannitol).
Subsp. cohnii: colonies are nonpigmented or yellowish, smooth, glistening,
opaque, with entire margins.
Subsp. urealyticus: colonies are raised to convex, smooth, glistening, translucent,
with entire margins and gray or grayish white concentric rings. Colony diameter 5.5–
8.0 mm on P agar. Human isolates are nonpigmented; isolates from other primates
are pigmented and may have bands of alternating colors.
Grow well in medium containing up to 10% NaCl, poor at 15% NaCl. Grow on media:
Trypticase Soy Agar ± 5% sheep blood, Chapman (selective medium with 75 g/l NaCl
& mannitol).
Subsp. cohnii: colonies are nonpigmented or yellowish, smooth, glistening,
opaque, with entire margins.
Subsp. urealyticus: colonies are raised to convex, smooth, glistening, translucent,
with entire margins and gray or grayish white concentric rings. Colony diameter 5.5–
8.0 mm on P agar. Human isolates are nonpigmented; isolates from other primates
are pigmented and may have bands of alternating colors.
Isolated from human & other primates’ skin. Resistant to Novobiocin.
Is part of the normal flora of the skin, rarely opportunistic pathogen for humans causing urinary tract infections, wound infections,
endocarditis, arthritis and septicemia. Involved in ‘Chronic Fatigue Syndrome’ in humans together with other staphylococci.
endocarditis, arthritis and septicemia. Involved in ‘Chronic Fatigue Syndrome’ in humans together with other staphylococci.
- Holt J.G., Krieg N.R., Sneath P.H.A., Staley J.T., Wiliams S.T., 1994. Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, Ninth Edition,
Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore. Group 17, Gram-Positive Cocci, 527-558. - Schleifer K.H. & Kloos W.E.: Isolation and characterization of staphylococci from human skin. Amended descriptions of
Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus saprophyticus and descriptions of three new species: Staphylococcus cohnii,
Staphylococcus haemolyticus, and Staphylococcus xylosus. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology, 1975, 25, 50-61. - Kloos W.E. & Wolfshohl J.F.: Staphylococcus cohnii subspecies: Staphylococcus cohnii subsp. cohnii subsp. nov. and
Staphylococcus cohnii subsp. urealyticum subsp. nov. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1991, 41, 284-289. - Mastroianni A; Coronado O; Nanetti A; Manfredi R; Chiodo F.: Staphylococcus cohnii: an unusual cause of primary septic arthritis
in a patient with AIDS. Clin. Infect. Dis. 1996, 23(6):1312-3. - Karl-Heinz Schleifer and Julia A. Bell, 2009. Family VIII. Staphylococcaceae fam. nov.. In: (Eds.) P.D. Vos, G. Garrity, D. Jones, N.R.
Krieg, W. Ludwig, F.A. Rainey, K.-H. Schleifer, W.B. Whitman. Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Volume 3: The
Firmicutes, Springer, 392-426.
Coagulase negative. See tables for differential characters.
(c) Costin Stoica
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