| Pseudomonas helleri |
Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Phylum Pseudomonadota (Proteobacteria), Class Gammaproteobacteria, Order Pseudomonadales, Family Pseudomonadaceae,
Genus Pseudomonas, Pseudomonas helleri Neubeck et al. 2016.
Genus Pseudomonas, Pseudomonas helleri Neubeck et al. 2016.
Gram-negative, rods, 0.75 x 3.1 µm. Motile. Non-spore-forming.
Colonies after incubation at 25 ºC for 24 h on TSG, are beige, smooth and round, 0.5–
1.0 mm diameter. Growth occurs at 4-31 ºC (highest growth temperature varies from
31 to 33 ºC; growth at temperatures lower than 4 ºC has not been tested). Optimal
growth temperature is between 25 and 29 ºC. Grows at pH 5-8 and in the presence of
up to 6% (w/v) NaCl. Growth is detected on R2A agar and cetrimide agar. Fluorescent
on King B agar. No pyocyanin is formed on King A agar. Shows weak lipolysis on
tributyrin agar at 25 ºC after 10 days, but is negative for proteolysis using skimmed
milk agar at both 25 and 4 ºC. Haemolysis cannot be detected. No growth in
anaerobic conditions.
1.0 mm diameter. Growth occurs at 4-31 ºC (highest growth temperature varies from
31 to 33 ºC; growth at temperatures lower than 4 ºC has not been tested). Optimal
growth temperature is between 25 and 29 ºC. Grows at pH 5-8 and in the presence of
up to 6% (w/v) NaCl. Growth is detected on R2A agar and cetrimide agar. Fluorescent
on King B agar. No pyocyanin is formed on King A agar. Shows weak lipolysis on
tributyrin agar at 25 ºC after 10 days, but is negative for proteolysis using skimmed
milk agar at both 25 and 4 ºC. Haemolysis cannot be detected. No growth in
anaerobic conditions.
Isolated from a raw cow’s milk and from an industrial semi-finished product (skimmed milk concentrate).
Unknown.
- von Neubeck M, Huptas C, Gluck C, Krewinkel M, Stoeckel M, Stressler T, Fischer L, Hinrichs J, Scherer S, Wenning M.
Pseudomonas helleri sp. nov. and Pseudomonas weihenstephanensis sp. nov., isolated from raw cow's milk. Int J Syst Evol
Microbiol 2016; 66:1163-1173. - Lick S, Wibberg D, Winkler A, Blom J, Grimmler C, Goesmann A, Kalinowski J, Krockel L. Pseudomonas paraversuta sp. nov.
isolated from refrigerated dry-aged beef. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2021; 71:4822.
Positive results for catalase and oxidase.
Can utilize D-arabinose, D-glucose, D-galactose, D-fructose, D-mannose, D-ribose, D-xylose, glycerol, L-fucose and potassium
gluconate.
Negative results for esterase (C4), beta-galactosidase, gelatinase, H2S production, indole formation, reduction of nitrate and nitrite,
starch hydrolysis and valine arylamidase.
No utilization of: amygdalin, arbutin, D-adonitol, cellobiose, D-fucose, lactose, D-lyxose, maltose, melibiose, melezitose, raffinose,
D-sorbitol, sucrose, D-tagatose, turanose, dulcitol, erythritol, gentiobiose, glycogen, inositol, L-arabinose, L-arabitol, L-rhamnose,
L-sorbose, L-xylose, methyl alpha-D-glucoside, methyl alph-D-mannoside, methyl beta-D-xylopyranoside, N-acetylglucosamine,
salicin and xylitol.
Variable results for the utilization of D-arabitol, D-mannitol and trehalose.
Can utilize D-arabinose, D-glucose, D-galactose, D-fructose, D-mannose, D-ribose, D-xylose, glycerol, L-fucose and potassium
gluconate.
Negative results for esterase (C4), beta-galactosidase, gelatinase, H2S production, indole formation, reduction of nitrate and nitrite,
starch hydrolysis and valine arylamidase.
No utilization of: amygdalin, arbutin, D-adonitol, cellobiose, D-fucose, lactose, D-lyxose, maltose, melibiose, melezitose, raffinose,
D-sorbitol, sucrose, D-tagatose, turanose, dulcitol, erythritol, gentiobiose, glycogen, inositol, L-arabinose, L-arabitol, L-rhamnose,
L-sorbose, L-xylose, methyl alpha-D-glucoside, methyl alph-D-mannoside, methyl beta-D-xylopyranoside, N-acetylglucosamine,
salicin and xylitol.
Variable results for the utilization of D-arabitol, D-mannitol and trehalose.
(c) Costin Stoica
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