| Flavonifractor plautii |
Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Phylum Firmicutes, Class Clostridia, Order Clostridiales, unclassified Clostridiales, Genus Flavonifractor, Flavonifractor plautii
(Seguin 1928) Carlier, Bedora-Faure, K’ouas, Alauzet and Mory 2010 - single species of the genus.
Historical synonyms: Clostridium orbiscindens Winter, Popoff, Grimont and Bokkenheuser 1991, Fusobacterium plautii corrig. Seguin
1928, Eubacterium plautii (Seguin 1928) Hofstad and Aasjord 1982, Zuberella plauti (Seguin 1928) Sebald 1962, Fusocillus plauti
(Seguin 1928) Prevot 1938, Bacillus plauti Seguin 1928.
(Seguin 1928) Carlier, Bedora-Faure, K’ouas, Alauzet and Mory 2010 - single species of the genus.
Historical synonyms: Clostridium orbiscindens Winter, Popoff, Grimont and Bokkenheuser 1991, Fusobacterium plautii corrig. Seguin
1928, Eubacterium plautii (Seguin 1928) Hofstad and Aasjord 1982, Zuberella plauti (Seguin 1928) Sebald 1962, Fusocillus plauti
(Seguin 1928) Prevot 1938, Bacillus plauti Seguin 1928.
Gram-variable, straight rods, 0.9-1.0 x 2.0-7.0 µm, occuring singly or in pairs. Motile by
peritrichous flagella. Spores are sphaerical, subterminal, 0.7 x 0.5 µm, not swelling
the cell.
peritrichous flagella. Spores are sphaerical, subterminal, 0.7 x 0.5 µm, not swelling
the cell.
Colonies on rabbit blood agar are 1 mm in diameter, circular, convex, slightly
irregular, smooth, beta-haemolytic, shiny & gray or white in color. Colonies on
sheep-blood agar are not hemolytic and slightly larger in size. Optimum growth at: 37
ºC. Good growth in BHI broth. Produces acetic acid, butyric acid, when grown on
peptone-yeast-glucose broth. Strictly anaerobic.
irregular, smooth, beta-haemolytic, shiny & gray or white in color. Colonies on
sheep-blood agar are not hemolytic and slightly larger in size. Optimum growth at: 37
ºC. Good growth in BHI broth. Produces acetic acid, butyric acid, when grown on
peptone-yeast-glucose broth. Strictly anaerobic.
Isolated from human feces.
Susceptible to cephalothin, kanamycin and metronidazole. Resistant to nalidixic acid, rifampin and vancomycin.
Susceptible to cephalothin, kanamycin and metronidazole. Resistant to nalidixic acid, rifampin and vancomycin.
Nonpathogenic in mice.
- N.A. Logan and P. De Vos, 2009. Genus I. Clostridium Prazmowski 1880. In: (Eds.) P.D. Vos, G. Garrity, D. Jones, N.R. Krieg, W.
Ludwig, F.A. Rainey, K.-H. Schleifer, W.B. Whitman. Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Volume 3: The Firmicutes,
Springer, 738-828. - Jean-Philippe Carlier, Marie Bedora-Faure, Guylène K'ouas, Corentine Alauzet, and Francine Mory. Proposal to unify Clostridium
orbiscindens Winter et al. 1991 and Eubacterium plautii (Séguin 1928) Hofstad and Aasjord 1982, with description of
Flavonifractor plautii gen. nov., comb. nov., and reassignment of Bacteroides capillosus to Pseudoflavonifractor capillosus gen.
nov., comb. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol March 2010 60:585-590. - J. Winter, M. R. Popoff, P. Grimont, and V. D. Bokkenheuser. Clostridium orbiscindens sp. nov., a Human Intestinal Bacterium
Capable of Cleaving the Flavonoid C-Ring. Int J Syst Bacteriol July 1991 41:355-357.
Meat is not digested. The main specific enzymatic activity is C-ring cleavage of
flavonoid molecules.
Negative results for casein hydrolysis, gelatin hydrolysis, lecithinase, lipase, nitrate reduction, urease, substrate utilization and/or acid
production from: amygdalin, arabinose, cellobiose, erythritol, glucose, glycogen, inositol, lactose, maltose, mannitol, melezitose,
raffinose, rhamnose, ribose, salicin, sorbitol, starch, sucrose, trehalose, xylan & xylose.
Variable for H2S and indole production.
flavonoid molecules.
Negative results for casein hydrolysis, gelatin hydrolysis, lecithinase, lipase, nitrate reduction, urease, substrate utilization and/or acid
production from: amygdalin, arabinose, cellobiose, erythritol, glucose, glycogen, inositol, lactose, maltose, mannitol, melezitose,
raffinose, rhamnose, ribose, salicin, sorbitol, starch, sucrose, trehalose, xylan & xylose.
Variable for H2S and indole production.
(c) Costin Stoica
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