| Paenibacillus sonchi |
Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characterisics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Phylum Bacillota (Firmicutes), Class Bacilli, Order Caryophanales, Family Paenibacillaceae, Genus Paenibacillus, Paenibacillus
sonchi Hong et al. 2009.
According to SantAnna et al. (2017), Paenibacillus riograndensis is a later heterotypic synonym of Paenibacillus sonchi.
sonchi Hong et al. 2009.
According to SantAnna et al. (2017), Paenibacillus riograndensis is a later heterotypic synonym of Paenibacillus sonchi.
Gram-variable, straight rods, 0.65-0.8 x 3.8-4.5 µm. Produce ellipsoidal,
subterminal / terminal spores in swollen sporangia. Motile.
subterminal / terminal spores in swollen sporangia. Motile.
Colonies on LD or GD medium are 1-2 mm, white, circular, convex and glossy with
entire margins after incubation for 24 h at 28-30 ºC. Temperature range for growth is
10-40 ºC, with optimum growth at 28 ºC. Optimum pH is 7.0-7.2. Grows in the
absence of NaCl and in 3% (w/v) NaCl, but is unable to tolerate 5% NaCl. Growth is
not inhibited by 0.001% (w/v) lysozyme. Facultatively anaerobic
entire margins after incubation for 24 h at 28-30 ºC. Temperature range for growth is
10-40 ºC, with optimum growth at 28 ºC. Optimum pH is 7.0-7.2. Grows in the
absence of NaCl and in 3% (w/v) NaCl, but is unable to tolerate 5% NaCl. Growth is
not inhibited by 0.001% (w/v) lysozyme. Facultatively anaerobic
The type strain of P. sonchi was isolated from the rhizosphere of Sonchus oleraceus in China. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria.
The type strain of P. riograndensis was isolated from the rhizosphere of Triticum aestivum in Brazil.
The type strain of P. riograndensis was isolated from the rhizosphere of Triticum aestivum in Brazil.
Undetermined.
- Hong YY, Ma YC, Zhou YG, Gao F, Liu HC, Chen SF. Paenibacillus sonchi sp. nov., a nitrogen-fixing species isolated from the
rhizosphere of Sonchus oleraceus. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2009; 59:2656-2661. - Sant'Anna FH, Ambrosini A, de Souza R, de Carvalho Fernandes G, Bach E, Balsanelli E, Baura V, Brito LF, Wendisch VF, de
Oliveira Pedrosa F, et al. Reclassification of Paenibacillus riograndensis as a Genomovar of Paenibacillus sonchi: Genome-
Based Metrics Improve Bacterial Taxonomic Classification. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1849. - Beneduzi A, Costa PB, Parma M, Melo IS, Bodanese-Zanettini MH, Passaglia LM. Paenibacillus riograndensis sp. nov., a nitrogen-
fixing species isolated from the rhizosphere of Triticum aestivum. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2010; 60:128-133.
Positive results for starch hydrolysis, acid production from: L-arabinose, D-fructose, galactose, glycerol, mannitol, D-mannose,
raffinose and trehalose.
Negative results for citrate utilization, aesculin hydrolysis, gelatinase, H2S production, indole production, nitrate reduction, oxidase,
phenylalanine deaminase, urease, acid production from: dulcitol and myo-inositol.
Variable results for catalase, casein hydrolysis, Voges-Proskauer reaction, acid production from: glucose, lactose, succinate,
D-xylose, maltose, sucrose and L-aspartate.
raffinose and trehalose.
Negative results for citrate utilization, aesculin hydrolysis, gelatinase, H2S production, indole production, nitrate reduction, oxidase,
phenylalanine deaminase, urease, acid production from: dulcitol and myo-inositol.
Variable results for catalase, casein hydrolysis, Voges-Proskauer reaction, acid production from: glucose, lactose, succinate,
D-xylose, maltose, sucrose and L-aspartate.
(c) Costin Stoica
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