Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Phylum Bacillota (Firmicutes), Class Bacilli, Order Caryophanales, Family Paenibacillaceae, Genus Paenibacillus, Paenibacillus
apiarius (Katznelson, 1955) Nakamura 1996.
Hystorical synonyms: Bacillus apiarius Katznelson (1955)
apiarius (Katznelson, 1955) Nakamura 1996.
Hystorical synonyms: Bacillus apiarius Katznelson (1955)
Gram variable, 0.7-0.9 / 3.0-4.5 μm, motile with peritrichous and abundant flagella.
Ellipsoidal, central or paracentral spore, swelling the sporangium. Spores have thick
walls; they appear to be rectangular in swollen sporangia.
Ellipsoidal, central or paracentral spore, swelling the sporangium. Spores have thick
walls; they appear to be rectangular in swollen sporangia.
Nonpigmented, round, smooth, translucent, 1 mm diameter colonies on agar
medium. Growth temperature from 15 ºC to 40 ºC (optimum 28 ºC).
Grows in anaerobic agar, in nutrient broth and at 5.7 pH.
Grows in 5% NaCl media, but not in 7% or 10% NaCl.
medium. Growth temperature from 15 ºC to 40 ºC (optimum 28 ºC).
Grows in anaerobic agar, in nutrient broth and at 5.7 pH.
Grows in 5% NaCl media, but not in 7% or 10% NaCl.
Isolated from honeybees, their larvae and their hives. Resistant to lysozyme.
Isolated from honeybees, but is not an insect pathogen.
- Gordon R.E., Haynes W.C., Pang C.H. (1973) – The genus Bacillus . Agriculture Handbook No. 427, U.S.D.A., Washington D.C.
- Buchanan R.E., Gibbons N.E. (co-editors), 1975. Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, eight edition, The Williams &
Wilkins Company, Baltimore. - Priest F.G., 2009. Genus I. Paenibacillus Ash, Priest and Collins 1994. In: (Eds.) P.D. Vos, G. Garrity, D. Jones, N.R. Krieg, W.
Ludwig, F.A. Rainey, K.-H. Schleifer, W.B. Whitman. Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Volume 3: The Firmicutes, Springer,
269-295. - Nakamura L.K., 1996. Paenibacillus apiarius sp. nov. IJSB 46, 3, 688-693.
Positive results for hydrolysis of starch, catalase, hydrolysis of urea, reduction of nitrate to nitrite, decomposition of casein,
decomposition of tyrosine, acid production from glucose, maltose, D-galactose, cellobiose, mannose (weak), melibiose, ribose,
salicin, saccharose and trehalose.
Negative results for oxidase, dihydroxyacetone, hydrolysis of Tween 80, arginine dihydrolase, deamination of phenylalanine, indole
production, lysine decarboxylase, ornitine decarboxylase, tryptophan deaminase, Voges-Proskauer test, acid production from
mannitol, arabinose, fructose, lactose, sorbitol and xylose.
decomposition of tyrosine, acid production from glucose, maltose, D-galactose, cellobiose, mannose (weak), melibiose, ribose,
salicin, saccharose and trehalose.
Negative results for oxidase, dihydroxyacetone, hydrolysis of Tween 80, arginine dihydrolase, deamination of phenylalanine, indole
production, lysine decarboxylase, ornitine decarboxylase, tryptophan deaminase, Voges-Proskauer test, acid production from
mannitol, arabinose, fructose, lactose, sorbitol and xylose.
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