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Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Proteobacteria => Gammaproteobacteria => Vibrionales => Vibrionaceae => Salinivibrio => Salinivibrio costicola (Smith 1938)
Mellado, Moore, Nieto and Ventosa 1996 , emend. Huang, Garcia, Patel, Cayol, Baresi and Mah 2000.
Subspecies:
Historical synonyms: Vibrio costicolus Smith 1938, V. costicola Shewan & Veron 1974.
Mellado, Moore, Nieto and Ventosa 1996 , emend. Huang, Garcia, Patel, Cayol, Baresi and Mah 2000.
Subspecies:
- Salinivibrio costicola subsp. alcaliphilus Romano et al. 2005,
- Salinivibrio costicola subsp. costicola (Smith 1938) Mellado et al. 1996,
- Salinivibrio costicola subsp. vallismortis Huang et al. 2000.
Historical synonyms: Vibrio costicolus Smith 1938, V. costicola Shewan & Veron 1974.
Gram negative, curved rods, 0.5-0.6 x 1.0-3.2 μm, motile by one polar flagellum, rarely
two polar or subpolar flagella. Not swarming on complex media. No lateral flagella on
solid media.
two polar or subpolar flagella. Not swarming on complex media. No lateral flagella on
solid media.
Can grow in nutrient broth with: 1% NaCl (variable) to 12% NaCl. Growth in 0% NaCl is
negative for S. costicola subsp. costicola , S. costicola subsp. alcaliphilus and positive
for S. costicola subsp. vallismortis. Growth in 20% NaCl is positive for S. costicola
subsp. costicola , S. costicola subsp. alcaliphilus and negative for S. costicola subsp.
vallismortis.
Growth temperature 5 - 50 °C. No growth at 4 °C. Optimal growth at 37 °C. Growth at 50 °C is positive for subsp. vallismortis,
negative for subsp. costicola & subsp. alcaliphilus.
No growth factors are required, but yest extract enhances growth.
Facultatively anaerobic, chemoorganotrophic, moderately halophilic. Growth occurs at pH 5-10 (optimal pH 7.5). Subsp. alcaliphilus
requires pH 9.
Colonies are circular, convex, opaque, smooth, and cream colored. Broth cultures are uniformly turbid.
negative for S. costicola subsp. costicola , S. costicola subsp. alcaliphilus and positive
for S. costicola subsp. vallismortis. Growth in 20% NaCl is positive for S. costicola
subsp. costicola , S. costicola subsp. alcaliphilus and negative for S. costicola subsp.
vallismortis.
Growth temperature 5 - 50 °C. No growth at 4 °C. Optimal growth at 37 °C. Growth at 50 °C is positive for subsp. vallismortis,
negative for subsp. costicola & subsp. alcaliphilus.
No growth factors are required, but yest extract enhances growth.
Facultatively anaerobic, chemoorganotrophic, moderately halophilic. Growth occurs at pH 5-10 (optimal pH 7.5). Subsp. alcaliphilus
requires pH 9.
Colonies are circular, convex, opaque, smooth, and cream colored. Broth cultures are uniformly turbid.
Isolated from hypersaline environments and from salted food.
Unknown.
- A. Ventosa , 2004. Genus III. Salinivibrio Mellado, Moore, Nieto and Ventosa. In: Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology,
Second edition,Vol two, part B, George M. Garrity (Editor-in-Chief), pp. 552-554. - J. G.Holt et al., 1994.Begey’s manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 9-th edition, Williams & Wilkins.
- M. A. Amoozegar,P. Schumann,M. Hajighasemi,A. Z. Fatemi and H. R. Karbalaei-Heidari, 2008. Salinivibrio proteolyticus sp.
nov., a moderately halophilic and proteolytic species from a hypersaline lake in Iran. IJSEM 58, 1159-1163.
Positive results for Voges-Proskauer (1%NaCl), arginine (1%NaCl), gelatin hydrolysis (1%NaCl, 22 °C), oxidase, catalase, acid
production from: D-glucose, maltose & trehalose.
Negative results for indole (Heart Infusion Broth, 1%NaCl), nitrate reduction to nitrite, citrate (Simmons), lysine (1%NaCl), ornithine
(1%NaCl), ONPG test, gas production from D-glucose, acid production from: D-adonitol, L-arabinose, D-arabitol, cellobiose, dulcitol,
D-galactose, myo-inositol, lactose, melibiose, raffinose, L-rhamnose, salicin, D-sorbitol & D-xylose.
Variable results for esculin hydrolysis: (positive for subsp. costicola and negative for subsp. vallismortis), starch hydrolysis (negative
for subsp. costicola and positive for subsp. vallismortis), acid production from: D-mannitol, D-mannose & sucrose.
production from: D-glucose, maltose & trehalose.
Negative results for indole (Heart Infusion Broth, 1%NaCl), nitrate reduction to nitrite, citrate (Simmons), lysine (1%NaCl), ornithine
(1%NaCl), ONPG test, gas production from D-glucose, acid production from: D-adonitol, L-arabinose, D-arabitol, cellobiose, dulcitol,
D-galactose, myo-inositol, lactose, melibiose, raffinose, L-rhamnose, salicin, D-sorbitol & D-xylose.
Variable results for esculin hydrolysis: (positive for subsp. costicola and negative for subsp. vallismortis), starch hydrolysis (negative
for subsp. costicola and positive for subsp. vallismortis), acid production from: D-mannitol, D-mannose & sucrose.
(c) Costin Stoica
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