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Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Firmicutes => Bacilli => Lactobacillales => Streptococcaceae => Streptococcus => Streptococcus pyogenes Rosenbach 1884, type
species of the genus.
Old synonyms: Streptococcus erysipelatos Rosenbach 1884, Micrococcus scarlatinae Klein 1884, Streptococcus scarlatinae Klein 1887,
Streptococcus hemolyticus Rolly 1911.
Lancefield group A.
species of the genus.
Old synonyms: Streptococcus erysipelatos Rosenbach 1884, Micrococcus scarlatinae Klein 1884, Streptococcus scarlatinae Klein 1887,
Streptococcus hemolyticus Rolly 1911.
Lancefield group A.
Gram positive , spherical or ovoid cells, 0.6-1 µm in diameter. Grouped in pairs or
short to moderate chains in clinical materials; long chains in broth cultures. Some
strains form a capsule of hyaluronic acid.
short to moderate chains in clinical materials; long chains in broth cultures. Some
strains form a capsule of hyaluronic acid.
Colonies may look mucoid, glossy or matt. Beta-hemolytic on blood agar (streptolysin
O). Facultative anaerobes, optimal temperature 37.0 °C, no growth at 10 or 45 °C.
Nutritionally fastidious, especially upon primary isolation.
O). Facultative anaerobes, optimal temperature 37.0 °C, no growth at 10 or 45 °C.
Nutritionally fastidious, especially upon primary isolation.
Isolated from human mouth, throat, respiratory tract, blood, various lesions and inflammatory exudates. Rarely isolated from animals.
May be harboured as normal flora of the human upper respiratory tract. Can cause pharyngitis, erysipelas, necrotizing fasciitis,
glomerulonephritis, rheumatic fever, scarlet fever, puerperal fever & streptococcal toxic shock syndrome.
Virulence factors: streptolysin O & S, pyrogenic exotoxin A & C, streptokinase, hyaluronidase, streptodornase, C5a peptidase,
chemokine protease.
Septicemia followed by death in guinea pigs was reported.
glomerulonephritis, rheumatic fever, scarlet fever, puerperal fever & streptococcal toxic shock syndrome.
Virulence factors: streptolysin O & S, pyrogenic exotoxin A & C, streptokinase, hyaluronidase, streptodornase, C5a peptidase,
chemokine protease.
Septicemia followed by death in guinea pigs was reported.
- Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 9th ed., 1994.
- P. A. Okewole, P. S. Odeyemi, M. A. OlandunmadeiI, B. O. Ajagbonnai, J. Onaui & T. Spencer: An outbreak of Streptococcus
pyogenes infection associated with calcium oxalate urolithiasis in guineapigs (Cavia porcellus).
Acid produced from glucose, maltose, lactose, trehalose, salicin. ADH, alkaline
phosphatase & pyrrolidonearylamidase positive.
Do not ferment ribose, mannitol, sorbitol, inulin, raffinose, arabinose. Voges-Proskauer, hippurate, esculin, alpha & beta
galactosidase, beta-glucuronidase negative.
phosphatase & pyrrolidonearylamidase positive.
Do not ferment ribose, mannitol, sorbitol, inulin, raffinose, arabinose. Voges-Proskauer, hippurate, esculin, alpha & beta
galactosidase, beta-glucuronidase negative.
(c) Costin Stoica
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