Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Firmicutes => Bacilli => Lactobacillales => Enterococcaceae => Enterococcus => Enterococcus italicus Fortina et al. 2004.
Later synonym: Enterococcus saccharominimus Vancanneyt et al. 2004.
React weakly with Lancefield group D antiserum.
Later synonym: Enterococcus saccharominimus Vancanneyt et al. 2004.
React weakly with Lancefield group D antiserum.
Gram-positive cocci, grouped mostly in pairs or short chains. Cells are non-motile,
non-sporeforming and non-pigmented.
non-sporeforming and non-pigmented.
Colonies are whitish-grey, circular and smooth, with entire margins; 1 mm in
diameter after 3 days growth on M17 glucose agar. Facultatively anaerobic. Produce
alpha-haemolysis on blood agar and are able to grow in skimmed-milk medium,
where they cause clotting within 48 h incubation.
Growth is enhanced slightly by cultivation in a 5% CO2 atmosphere (optimal at 37 °C).
Growth occurs at 42 °C, but is weak at 10 °C or variable at 45 °C. Strains grow in 5%
NaCl and at pH 9.6. Variable growth in 6.5% NaCl.
diameter after 3 days growth on M17 glucose agar. Facultatively anaerobic. Produce
alpha-haemolysis on blood agar and are able to grow in skimmed-milk medium,
where they cause clotting within 48 h incubation.
Growth is enhanced slightly by cultivation in a 5% CO2 atmosphere (optimal at 37 °C).
Growth occurs at 42 °C, but is weak at 10 °C or variable at 45 °C. Strains grow in 5%
NaCl and at pH 9.6. Variable growth in 6.5% NaCl.
Isolated from dairy products in Italy (Toma and Robiola piemontese cheeses). Formerly named E. saccharominimus strains
were isolated from Belgian, Moroccan and Romanian dairy products.
Susceptible to vancomycin.
were isolated from Belgian, Moroccan and Romanian dairy products.
Susceptible to vancomycin.
None, seems to be involved in the development of specific cheese flavour.
- Pavel Svec and Luc A. Devriese, 2009: Genus I. Enterococcus (ex Thiercelin and Jouhaud 1903) Schleifer and Kilpper-Bälz
1984, 32VP in Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Second Edition, Volume Three, Vos, P.D.; Garrity, G.; Jones, D.;
Krieg, N.R.; Ludwig, W.; Rainey, F.A.; Schleifer, K.-H.; Whitman, W.B. (Eds.), pp 594-606. - M. Grazia Fortina, G. Ricci, D. Mora, and P. L. Manachini. Molecular analysis of artisanal Italian cheeses reveals Enterococcus
italicus sp. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol September 2004 54:1717-1721. - M. Vancanneyt, M. Zamfir, L. A. Devriese, K. Lefebvre, K. Engelbeen, K. Vandemeulebroecke, M. Amar, L. De Vuyst, F.
Haesebrouck, and J. Swings. Enterococcus saccharominimus sp. nov., from dairy products. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol November
2004 54:2175-2179. - Maria da Gloria S. Carvalho, Arnold G. Steigerwalt, Roger E. Morey, Patricia Lynn Shewmaker, Enevold Falsen, Richard R.
Facklam, and Lucia M. Teixeira: Enterococcus sanguinicola sp. nov., Isolated from Human Blood, Comprising the Provisional
New Species of Enterococcus CDC PNS-E2, and Recognition of Strain Previously Described as Enterococcus CDC PNS-E1
as Enterococcus italicus Fortina et al. 2004.
Positive results for acetoin production, aesculin hydrolysis, pyrrolidonyl arylamidase, leucine arylamidase, acid production from:
galactose, D-glucose, D-fructose, D-mannose, methyl alpha-D-glucoside (delayed), N-acetylglucosamine, aesculin, cellobiose
(weak), salicin, maltose, lactose, sucrose & starch.
Negative results for catalase, hippurate hydrolysis, alpha-galactosidase, beta-glucuronidase, beta-galactosidase, alkaline
phosphatase, arginine dihydrolase, acid production from: glycerol, erythritol, D- or L-arabinose, ribose, D- or L-xylose, adonitol, methyl
beta-xyloside, L-sorbose, rhamnose, dulcitol, inositol, methyl alpha-D-mannoside, amygdalin, melibiose, inulin, melezitose,
D-raffinose, glycogen, xylitol, D-turanose, D-lyxose, D- or L-fucose, D- or L-arabitol, gluconate, 2- or 5-ketogluconate.
Variable results for acidification of: mannitol, beta-gentiobiose, D-tagatose, arbutin, sorbitol & trehalose.
galactose, D-glucose, D-fructose, D-mannose, methyl alpha-D-glucoside (delayed), N-acetylglucosamine, aesculin, cellobiose
(weak), salicin, maltose, lactose, sucrose & starch.
Negative results for catalase, hippurate hydrolysis, alpha-galactosidase, beta-glucuronidase, beta-galactosidase, alkaline
phosphatase, arginine dihydrolase, acid production from: glycerol, erythritol, D- or L-arabinose, ribose, D- or L-xylose, adonitol, methyl
beta-xyloside, L-sorbose, rhamnose, dulcitol, inositol, methyl alpha-D-mannoside, amygdalin, melibiose, inulin, melezitose,
D-raffinose, glycogen, xylitol, D-turanose, D-lyxose, D- or L-fucose, D- or L-arabitol, gluconate, 2- or 5-ketogluconate.
Variable results for acidification of: mannitol, beta-gentiobiose, D-tagatose, arbutin, sorbitol & trehalose.
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