Acid not produced from D-arabitol, L-arabinose, cyclodextrin, glycerol, melibiose, melezitose, methyl-β-D-glucopyranoside, pullulan,
raffinose, ribose, trehalose, mannitol, sorbitol, inulin or tagatose. Do not hydrolyze esculin, gelatin, hippurate or urea. Do not degrade
casein or liquefy coagulated serum. Indole not produced. Alpha & beta-galactosidase, beta glucuronidase = negative
raffinose, ribose, trehalose, mannitol, sorbitol, inulin or tagatose. Do not hydrolyze esculin, gelatin, hippurate or urea. Do not degrade
casein or liquefy coagulated serum. Indole not produced. Alpha & beta-galactosidase, beta glucuronidase = negative
|
Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Firmicutes => Bacilli => Lactobacillales => Staphylococcaceae => Gemella => Gemella haemolysans (Thjøtta & Bøe 1938) Berger 1960.
Type species of the genus. Old synonym: Neisseria haemolysans Thjøtta and Bøe 1938.
Type species of the genus. Old synonym: Neisseria haemolysans Thjøtta and Bøe 1938.
Gram positive cocci (sometimes Gram variable), 0.6 to 1.0 μm or more in diameter,
occurring singly, in pairs or in short chain,s with adjacent sides flattened,,
nonsporing, nonmotile. Pleomorphism may be very pronounced, coccal forms are
frequently elongate, and cells may be of unequal size.
occurring singly, in pairs or in short chain,s with adjacent sides flattened,,
nonsporing, nonmotile. Pleomorphism may be very pronounced, coccal forms are
frequently elongate, and cells may be of unequal size.
Colonies on blood agar plates after 2-3 days are smooth, non-chromogenic,
surrounded by a zone of clearbeta hemolysis by the second or third day (on rabbit
blood agar). Facultatively anaerobic, growth at 37.0 °C, no growth at 10 or 45 °C. No
growth in 6.5% NaCl broth. Bile esculin negative.
Grow on : Trypticase soy agar supplemented with blood , best on Mueller-Hinton agar
supplemented with rabbit blood. Growth is enhanced by CO2 enriched atmosphere.
surrounded by a zone of clearbeta hemolysis by the second or third day (on rabbit
blood agar). Facultatively anaerobic, growth at 37.0 °C, no growth at 10 or 45 °C. No
growth in 6.5% NaCl broth. Bile esculin negative.
Grow on : Trypticase soy agar supplemented with blood , best on Mueller-Hinton agar
supplemented with rabbit blood. Growth is enhanced by CO2 enriched atmosphere.
Isolated from blood cultures of patients with endocarditis and from CSF cultures of patients
with meningitis. Other sources: human bronchial secretions, nasopharynx, dental plaque &
swine intestinal content.
with meningitis. Other sources: human bronchial secretions, nasopharynx, dental plaque &
swine intestinal content.
Usually is an opportunistic pathogen from human & animal mucous membrane of the respiratory tract. May cause various infections,
particularly in immunocompromised patients.
particularly in immunocompromised patients.
- Thjotta T. & Boe J.: Neisseria haemolysans. A hemolytic species of Neisseria Trevisan. Acta pathologica et Bacteriologica
Scandinavica Supplement, 1938, 37, 527-531. - Berger U.: Neisseria haemolysans (Thjøtta and Bøe 1938). Untersuchungen zur Stellung im System. Zeitschrift fur Hygiene und
Infektionskrankheiten Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Virologie, 1960, 146, 253-259. - Martin Dworkin, Stanley Falkow, Eugene Rosenberg, Karl-Heinz Schleifer, Erko Stackebrandt (Editors).: The Prokaryotes 3rd ed.:
A Handbook on the Biology of Bacteria Volume 4: Bacteria: Firmicutes, Cyanobacteria. 2006
Acid produced from glucose, fructose, maltose and sucrose.
(c) Costin Stoica
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