Taxonomy
Morphology
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Biochemical characters
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Pathogenicity
References
Firmicutes => Bacilli => Lactobacillales => Enterococcaceae => Enterococcus => Enterococcus gallinarum (Bridge and Sneath 1982)
Collins et al. 1984. Lancefield group D.
Basonym: Streptococcus gallinarum Bridge and Sneath 1982.
Collins et al. 1984. Lancefield group D.
Basonym: Streptococcus gallinarum Bridge and Sneath 1982.
Gram positive, ovoid cells, elongated in the direction of the chain, grouped in pairs or
short chains. Non-motile.
short chains. Non-motile.
Colonies on blood agar or nutrient agar are circular, smooth, and entire, beta -
hemolytic on horse blood agar. Non-pigmented. Strains grow at 10 and 45 °C, and in
6.5% NaCl. Most strains do not survive heating at 60 °C for 30 min but survive heating
at 60 °C for 15 min. Grows slowly on thallous acetate-tetrazolium agar at room
temperature, producing deep pink colonies.
hemolytic on horse blood agar. Non-pigmented. Strains grow at 10 and 45 °C, and in
6.5% NaCl. Most strains do not survive heating at 60 °C for 30 min but survive heating
at 60 °C for 15 min. Grows slowly on thallous acetate-tetrazolium agar at room
temperature, producing deep pink colonies.
Isolated from intestines of domestic fowls, turkey meat products & stool samples.
Unknown. May be involved in nosocomial infections. One report of endocarditis in humans.
- Pavel Svec and Luc A. Devriese, 2009: Genus I. Enterococcus (ex Thiercelin and Jouhaud 1903) Schleifer and Kilpper-Bälz
1984, 32VP in Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Second Edition, Volume Three, Vos, P.D.; Garrity, G.; Jones, D.;
Krieg, N.R.; Ludwig, W.; Rainey, F.A.; Schleifer, K.-H.; Whitman, W.B. (Eds.), pp 594-606. - M. D. Collins, D. Jones, J. A. E. Farrow, R. Kilpper-Balz, and K. H. Schleifer. Enterococcus avium nom. rev., comb. nov.; E.
casseliflavus nom. rev., comb. nov.; E. durans nom. rev., comb. nov.; E. gallinarum comb. nov.; and E. malodoratus sp. nov. Int
J Syst Bacteriol April 1984 34:220-223.
Positive results for arginine dehydrolase, alpha-galactosidase, beta-galactosidase,
esculin hydrolysis, hippurate hydrolysis, Voges-Proskauer test, pyrrolidonylarylamidase, arginine dehydrolase, acid production from:
ribose, mannitol, lactose, trehalose, raffinose, amygdalin, arbutin, fructose, glucose, mannose & sucrose.
Negative results for alkaline phosphatase, starch hydrolysis, acid production from: dulcitol, erythritol, fucose, inositol,
2-keto-gluconate, 5-keto-gluconate, D-lyxose & xylitol.
Variable results for beta-glucuronidase, acid production from: sorbitol, inulin, arabinose, rhamnose & xylose.
esculin hydrolysis, hippurate hydrolysis, Voges-Proskauer test, pyrrolidonylarylamidase, arginine dehydrolase, acid production from:
ribose, mannitol, lactose, trehalose, raffinose, amygdalin, arbutin, fructose, glucose, mannose & sucrose.
Negative results for alkaline phosphatase, starch hydrolysis, acid production from: dulcitol, erythritol, fucose, inositol,
2-keto-gluconate, 5-keto-gluconate, D-lyxose & xylitol.
Variable results for beta-glucuronidase, acid production from: sorbitol, inulin, arabinose, rhamnose & xylose.
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