Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Firmicutes => Bacilli => Lactobacillales => Enterococcaceae => Enterococcus => Enterococcus faecium (Orla-Jensen 1919) Schleifer
and Kilpper-Bälz 1984. Lancefield group D.
Basonym: Streptococcus faecium Orla-Jensen 1919.
and Kilpper-Bälz 1984. Lancefield group D.
Basonym: Streptococcus faecium Orla-Jensen 1919.
Gram positive, ovoid cells, elongated in the direction of the chain, grouped in pairs or
short chains. Some strains are motile.
short chains. Some strains are motile.
Colonies on blood agar or nutrient agar are circular, smooth, and entire. Non-
pigmented. Some strains may produce an alpha-hemolysis.
Strains grow at 10 and 50 °C, survive heating at 60°C for 30 min, and grow in 6.5%
NaCl at pH 9.6.
pigmented. Some strains may produce an alpha-hemolysis.
Strains grow at 10 and 50 °C, survive heating at 60°C for 30 min, and grow in 6.5%
NaCl at pH 9.6.
Isolated from feces & gastrointestinal tract of humans and animals, from plants (more often from flowers than from buds or
leaves), foods, soil and contaminated waters.
Can contaminate carcasses, milk and dairy products during processing.
leaves), foods, soil and contaminated waters.
Can contaminate carcasses, milk and dairy products during processing.
Normal inhabitant of the human & animal intestine, may produce nosocomial infections.
- Pavel Svec and Luc A. Devriese, 2009: Genus I. Enterococcus (ex Thiercelin and Jouhaud 1903) Schleifer and Kilpper-Bälz
1984, 32VP in Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Second Edition, Volume Three, Vos, P.D.; Garrity, G.; Jones, D.;
Krieg, N.R.; Ludwig, W.; Rainey, F.A.; Schleifer, K.-H.; Whitman, W.B. (Eds.), pp 594-606. - Karl H. Schleifer andRenate Kilpper-Balz. Transfer of Streptococcus faecalis and Streptococcus faecium to the Genus
Enterococcus nom. rev. as Enterococcus faecalis comb. nov. and Enterococcus faecium comb. nov. Int J Syst Bacteriol January
1984 34:31-34; doi:10.1099/00207713-34-1-31.
Positive results for arginine dehydrolase, pyrrolidonyl arylamidase, acetoin production,
leucine arylamidase, aesculin hydrolysis, acid production from: ribose, galactose, D-glucose, D-fructose, D-mannose,
N-acetylglucosamine, amygdalin, arbutin, salicin, cellobiose, maltose, lactose, beta-gentiobiose, glycerol (aerobically) & trehalose.
Negative results for alkaline phosphatase, starch hydrolysis, alpha-galactosidase, beta-glucuronidase, acid production from: from
D-xylose, L-xylose, adonitol, L-sorbose, dulcitol, sorbitol, alpha-methyl-D-glucoside, melezitose, D-raffinose, starch, glycogen, xylitol,
D-turanose, D-lyxose, Dtagatose, D-arabitol, L-arabitol, 2-keto-gluconate, 5-ketogluconate, erythritol, alpha-methyl-xyloside, inositol,
D- & L-fucose.
Pyruvate, citrate, malate & serine are dot utilized
Variable results for hydrolysis of hippurate, acid production from: sucrose, rhamnose, arabinose, raffinose, sorbitol & mannitol.
leucine arylamidase, aesculin hydrolysis, acid production from: ribose, galactose, D-glucose, D-fructose, D-mannose,
N-acetylglucosamine, amygdalin, arbutin, salicin, cellobiose, maltose, lactose, beta-gentiobiose, glycerol (aerobically) & trehalose.
Negative results for alkaline phosphatase, starch hydrolysis, alpha-galactosidase, beta-glucuronidase, acid production from: from
D-xylose, L-xylose, adonitol, L-sorbose, dulcitol, sorbitol, alpha-methyl-D-glucoside, melezitose, D-raffinose, starch, glycogen, xylitol,
D-turanose, D-lyxose, Dtagatose, D-arabitol, L-arabitol, 2-keto-gluconate, 5-ketogluconate, erythritol, alpha-methyl-xyloside, inositol,
D- & L-fucose.
Pyruvate, citrate, malate & serine are dot utilized
Variable results for hydrolysis of hippurate, acid production from: sucrose, rhamnose, arabinose, raffinose, sorbitol & mannitol.
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