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Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Firmicutes => Bacilli => Bacillales => Staphylococcaceae => Staphylococcus = >Staphylococcus hyicus Devriese et al. 1978,
(Micrococcus hyicus Sompolinsky 1953)
Staphylococcus hyicus subsp. chromogenes Devriese et al. 1978 changed to Staphylococcus chromogenes Hájek et al. 1987
(Micrococcus hyicus Sompolinsky 1953)
Staphylococcus hyicus subsp. chromogenes Devriese et al. 1978 changed to Staphylococcus chromogenes Hájek et al. 1987
Gram positive cocci, non-motile, non-sporing, 0.6–1.3 μm in diameter; forming pairs,
tetrads, and clusters.
tetrads, and clusters.
White-cream , glistening, opaque, with entire margins, 4-7 mm in diameter, S-type
colonies. Facultatively anaerobic. Grow better aerobically. Optimum temperature
30-35 °C. Growth is poor or absent at 45 °C and delayed at 22 °C. Grow on media:
Trypticase Soy Agar ± 5% sheep blood, Trypticase soy broth, P agar.
colonies. Facultatively anaerobic. Grow better aerobically. Optimum temperature
30-35 °C. Growth is poor or absent at 45 °C and delayed at 22 °C. Grow on media:
Trypticase Soy Agar ± 5% sheep blood, Trypticase soy broth, P agar.
Isolated from animal skin and mucous membranes; mainly from swine skin. Sensible to novobiocin & lysostaphin. Resistant to
lysozyme.
lysozyme.
Dermatitis in horses, bovines, cats. Exudative epidermitis (impetigo contagiosa suis / seborrheic eczema/greasy pig disease),
arthritis, metritis and vaginitis in swine. One report of exudative epidermitis in goats. Osteomyelitis in poultry and cattle. Rarely
isolated from cattle with mastitis .Produces coagulase, staphylokinase, lipase, exfoliative toxins A, B & C.
arthritis, metritis and vaginitis in swine. One report of exudative epidermitis in goats. Osteomyelitis in poultry and cattle. Rarely
isolated from cattle with mastitis .Produces coagulase, staphylokinase, lipase, exfoliative toxins A, B & C.
- Holt J.G., Krieg N.R., Sneath P.H.A., Staley J.T., Wiliams S.T., 1994. Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, Ninth
Edition, Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore. Group 17, Gram-Positive Cocci, 527-558. - Sompolinski D.: De l'impetigo contagiosa suis et du Micrococcus hyicus n. sp. Schweizerishces Archiv fur Tierheilkunde, 1953,
95, 302-309. - Devriese L.A., Hajek V., Oeding P., Meyer S.A. & Schleifer K.H.: Staphylococcus hyicus (Sompolinsky 1953) comb. nov. and
Staphylococcus hyicus subsp. chromogenes subsp. nov. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology, 1978, 28, 482-490. - L Maddux R.L. & Koehne G.: Identification of Staphylococcus hyicus with the API staph strip. J Clin Microbiol. 1982 June; 15(6):
984–986. - George Schamber, Arnold D. Alstad: Isolation of Staphylococcus hyicus from seborrheic dermatitis in pygmy goat. J. Vet Diagn
Invest 1:276-277 (1989). - Karl-Heinz Schleifer and Julia A. Bell, 2009. Family VIII. Staphylococcaceae fam. nov.. In: (Eds.) P.D. Vos, G. Garrity, D. Jones,
N.R. Krieg, W. Ludwig, F.A. Rainey, K.-H. Schleifer, W.B. Whitman. Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Volume 3: The
Firmicutes, Springer, 392-426.
Positive results nitrate reduction, alkaline phosphatase, deoxyribonuclease agar
heat-stable nuclease, arginine dihydrolase , catalase, acid production from: glucose,
glycerol, lactose, trehalose, raffinose, sucrose, xylose, galactose, fructose, mannose &
ribose.
Negative results for esculin hydrolysis, beta-galactosidase, acetoin production, clumping factor, oxidase, acid production from:
adonitol, amygdalin, mannitol, xylitol, arabinose, cellobiose, fucose, salicin, beta-gentiobiose, lyxose & melezitose.
Variable results for urease, coagulase-rabbit plasma, fibrinolysin, beta-glucuronidase & beta-glucosidase.
heat-stable nuclease, arginine dihydrolase , catalase, acid production from: glucose,
glycerol, lactose, trehalose, raffinose, sucrose, xylose, galactose, fructose, mannose &
ribose.
Negative results for esculin hydrolysis, beta-galactosidase, acetoin production, clumping factor, oxidase, acid production from:
adonitol, amygdalin, mannitol, xylitol, arabinose, cellobiose, fucose, salicin, beta-gentiobiose, lyxose & melezitose.
Variable results for urease, coagulase-rabbit plasma, fibrinolysin, beta-glucuronidase & beta-glucosidase.
(c) Costin Stoica
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