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Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Firmicutes => Bacilli => Bacillales => Staphylococcaceae => Staphylococcus =>
Staphylococcus equorum subsp. equorum Schleifer et al. 1985
Staphylococcus equorum subsp. linens Place et al. 2003
Staphylococcus equorum subsp. equorum Schleifer et al. 1985
Staphylococcus equorum subsp. linens Place et al. 2003
Gram positive cocci, 0.5 - 1.8 μm, non-motile, non-sporing.
Colonies white, opaque, with entire margins, 4–6 mm in dimeter after incubation at
2 days at 37°C on brain heart infusion agar (subsp. equorum).
Colonies are white, glossy, and opaque, 1–2 mm in diameter after 2 days on PC
skim milk agar (Merck) at 32°C (subsp. linens).
Temperature range for growth 6–40°C. Aerobic. Other media: Trypticase Soy Agar ±
5% sheep blood.
2 days at 37°C on brain heart infusion agar (subsp. equorum).
Colonies are white, glossy, and opaque, 1–2 mm in diameter after 2 days on PC
skim milk agar (Merck) at 32°C (subsp. linens).
Temperature range for growth 6–40°C. Aerobic. Other media: Trypticase Soy Agar ±
5% sheep blood.
Isolated from human & animal skin - horse, cat (subsp. equorum), fermented sausages, curing brines, raw ham, from swiss cheese
surface (subsp. linens).
surface (subsp. linens).
Contribute to the development of the meat and cheese products flavour. Non-pathogenic / unknown pathogenicity.
May inhibit Listeria’s growth.
May inhibit Listeria’s growth.
- Holt J.G., Krieg N.R., Sneath P.H.A., Staley J.T., Wiliams S.T., 1994. Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, Ninth
Edition, Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore. Group 17, Gram-Positive Cocci, 527-558. - Schleifer K.H., Killper-Balz R. & Devriese L.A.: Staphylococcus arlettae sp. nov., S. equorum sp. nov. and S. kloosii sp. nov.:
three new coagulase-negative, novobiocin-resistant species from animals. Syst. Appl. Microbiol., 1985, 5, 501-509. - Place R.B., Hiestand D., Gallmann H.R. & Teuber M.: Staphylococcus equorum subsp. linens, subsp. nov., a starter culture
component for surface ripened semi-hard cheeses. Syst. Appl. Microbiol., 2003, 26, 30-37. - Karl-Heinz Schleifer and Julia A. Bell, 2009. Family VIII. Staphylococcaceae fam. nov.. In: (Eds.) P.D. Vos, G. Garrity, D. Jones,
N.R. Krieg, W. Ludwig, F.A. Rainey, K.-H. Schleifer, W.B. Whitman. Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Volume 3: The
Firmicutes, Springer, 392-426.
Subsp. equorum:
Positive results for catalase, beta-glucuronidase, beta-galactosidase, nitrate reduction, urease, phosphatase, acid production from: L-
arabinose, D-fructose, D-galactose, D-glucose, glycerol, maltose, D-mannose, D-mannitol, D-melezitose, D-ribose, salicin, sorbitol,
sucrose, trehalose & D-xylose. Weak reactions for esculin and tributyrin hydrolysis.
Negative results for coagulase, clumping factor, gelatinase, heat-stable nuclease, oxidase, hyaluronidase, staphylokinase, Tween 80
hydrolysis, fibrinolysin, acetoin production, arginine hydrolysis, acid production from: amygdalin, D-fucose, beta-gentiobiose, D-
melibiose, raffinose, L-rhamnose & xylitol.
Variable results for hemolysis, caseinase, production of acid from: arbutin, cellobiose, lactose & D-turanose.
Subsp. linens:
Positive results for nitrate reduction, urease, acid production from glucose, fructose, D-mannose, and turanose (weak).
Negative results for acetoin production, arginine dihydrolase, ornithine decarboxylase, beta-glucuronidase, beta-galactosidase,
alkaline phosphatase, esculin hydrolysis, hemolysis, oxidase, acid production from: L-arabinose, cellobiose, D-galactose, alpha-D-
lactose, maltose, mannitol, D-raffinose D-ribose, salicin, sucrose, D-trehalose & D-xylose.
Positive results for catalase, beta-glucuronidase, beta-galactosidase, nitrate reduction, urease, phosphatase, acid production from: L-
arabinose, D-fructose, D-galactose, D-glucose, glycerol, maltose, D-mannose, D-mannitol, D-melezitose, D-ribose, salicin, sorbitol,
sucrose, trehalose & D-xylose. Weak reactions for esculin and tributyrin hydrolysis.
Negative results for coagulase, clumping factor, gelatinase, heat-stable nuclease, oxidase, hyaluronidase, staphylokinase, Tween 80
hydrolysis, fibrinolysin, acetoin production, arginine hydrolysis, acid production from: amygdalin, D-fucose, beta-gentiobiose, D-
melibiose, raffinose, L-rhamnose & xylitol.
Variable results for hemolysis, caseinase, production of acid from: arbutin, cellobiose, lactose & D-turanose.
Subsp. linens:
Positive results for nitrate reduction, urease, acid production from glucose, fructose, D-mannose, and turanose (weak).
Negative results for acetoin production, arginine dihydrolase, ornithine decarboxylase, beta-glucuronidase, beta-galactosidase,
alkaline phosphatase, esculin hydrolysis, hemolysis, oxidase, acid production from: L-arabinose, cellobiose, D-galactose, alpha-D-
lactose, maltose, mannitol, D-raffinose D-ribose, salicin, sucrose, D-trehalose & D-xylose.
(c) Costin Stoica
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