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Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Firmicutes => Bacilli => Bacillales => Staphylococcaceae => Staphylococcus =>Staphylococcus capitis Kloos and Schleifer 1975.
Staphylococcus capitis subsp. capitis Kloos and Schleifer 1975
Staphylococcus capitis subsp. urealyticus Bannerman and Kloos 1991
Staphylococcus capitis subsp. capitis Kloos and Schleifer 1975
Staphylococcus capitis subsp. urealyticus Bannerman and Kloos 1991
Gram positive cocci, 0.5 - 1.2 μm, non-motile, non-sporing, singly or forming pairs
and clusters.
and clusters.
Colonies are smooth, slightly convex, glistening, opaque, and white or grayish
white; after storage in the cold (4–10°C). Some strains become yellowish or yellow-
orange. Colony diameter is 1–3 mm (subsp. capitis) or 4.3–7.1mm ( subsp.
urealyticus). Facultatively anaerobic, 37ºC. Grows best under aerobic conditions.
Other media: Nutrient agar or nutrient broth, Trypticase Soy Agar ± 5% sheep blood,
Mueller Hinton agar, Chapman (selective medium with 75 g/l de NaCl & mannitol).
white; after storage in the cold (4–10°C). Some strains become yellowish or yellow-
orange. Colony diameter is 1–3 mm (subsp. capitis) or 4.3–7.1mm ( subsp.
urealyticus). Facultatively anaerobic, 37ºC. Grows best under aerobic conditions.
Other media: Nutrient agar or nutrient broth, Trypticase Soy Agar ± 5% sheep blood,
Mueller Hinton agar, Chapman (selective medium with 75 g/l de NaCl & mannitol).
Isolated from human & animal skin; widely distributed in nature.
Sensible to novobiocin.
Sensible to novobiocin.
- skin surface commensal of man and animals;
- some endocarditis reports, septicemia to neonates;
- nosocomial infections (rarely).
- some endocarditis reports, septicemia to neonates;
- nosocomial infections (rarely).
- Holt J.G., Krieg N.R., Sneath P.H.A., Staley J.T., Wiliams S.T., 1994. Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, Ninth
Edition, Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore. Group 17, Gram-Positive Cocci, 527-558. - Kloos W.E. & Schleifer K.H.: Isolation and characterization of staphylococci from human skin. II. Description of four new
species: Staphylococcus warneri, Staphylococcus capitis, Staphylococcus hominis, and Staphylococcus simulans.
International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology, 1975, 25, 62-79. - Bannerman T.L. & Kloos W.E.: Staphylococcus capitis subsp. ureolyticus (sic) subsp. nov. from human skin. Int. J. Syst.
Bacteriol., 1991, 41, 144-147. - Karl-Heinz Schleifer and Julia A. Bell, 2009. Family VIII. Staphylococcaceae fam. nov.. In: (Eds.) P.D. Vos, G. Garrity, D. Jones,
N.R. Krieg, W. Ludwig, F.A. Rainey, K.-H. Schleifer, W.B. Whitman. Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Volume 3:
The Firmicutes, Springer, 392-426.
Coagulase negative. See tables.
|
|
Hemolysis |
Colony diameter > 5mm (48h) |
Carotenoid pigment |
Aerobic growth |
Anaerobic growth |
|
Staphylococcus
capitis ssp. capitis |
- |
- |
- |
+ |
[+] |
|
Staphylococcus
capitis ssp. ureolyticus |
= |
= |
= |
+ |
[+] |
|
Mannose |
Lactose |
Trehalose |
Mannitol |
Xylitol |
Nitrate reduction |
Alkaline phosphatase/PAL |
Raffinose |
Xylose |
|
+ |
- |
- |
+ |
- |
= |
- |
- |
- |
|
+ |
= |
- |
+ |
- |
= |
- |
- |
- |
|
Arginine dihydrolase (ADH) |
Urease |
Growth on 10% NaCl agar |
Growth on 15% NaCl agar |
Growth at 15'C |
Growth at 45'C |
Oxidase |
Acetoin production |
Sucrose Sacharose |
|
= |
- |
+ |
- |
- |
+ |
- |
= |
+ |
|
+ |
+ |
X |
X |
X |
X |
- |
= |
+ |
|
FDP-aldolase Class 1 |
FDP-aldolase Class 2 |
Arabinose |
Cellobiose |
Salicin |
Melezitose |
Turanose |
Fructose |
|
+ |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
+ |
|
X |
X |
- |
- |
- |
- |
= |
+ |
|
Growth on (NH4)2SO4 |
Coagulase-rabbit plasma |
Clumping factor |
Deoxyribonuclease agar |
Heat-stable nuclease |
Galactose |
Glucosidase |
|
- |
- |
- |
= |
- |
- |
- |
|
X |
- |
- |
+ |
- |
X |
- |
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