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Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Bacteria => Proteobacteria => Gammaproteobacteria => Pseudomonadales => Pseudomonadaceae => Pseudomonas =>
Pseudomonas mallei (Zopf 1885) Redfearn et al. 1966.
Moved to Betaproteobacteria => Burkholderiales => Burkholderiaceae => Burkholderia => Burkholderia mallei Yabuuchi et al. 1993.
Synonyms: Bacillus mallei, Zopf 1885; Pfeifferella mallei Buchanan 1918; Malleomyces mallei Pribram 1933; Actinobacillus mallei
Thompson 1933; Loefferella mallei Holden 1935; Acinetobacter mallei Steel and Cowan 1964.
Closely related to Burkholderia (Pseudomonas) pseudomallei.
Pseudomonas mallei (Zopf 1885) Redfearn et al. 1966.
Moved to Betaproteobacteria => Burkholderiales => Burkholderiaceae => Burkholderia => Burkholderia mallei Yabuuchi et al. 1993.
Synonyms: Bacillus mallei, Zopf 1885; Pfeifferella mallei Buchanan 1918; Malleomyces mallei Pribram 1933; Actinobacillus mallei
Thompson 1933; Loefferella mallei Holden 1935; Acinetobacter mallei Steel and Cowan 1964.
Closely related to Burkholderia (Pseudomonas) pseudomallei.
Gram negative, 0.5-4 µm, non-motile, rods.
On blood agar, incubated 48 hours at 37 ° C, the colonies are round, translucent and
have a diameter of 1 to 2 mm. By extending the duration of incubation, the colonies
become opaque and have a brownish center. When the strain is capsulated, colonies
are whitish and sticky.No growth factors required. Strictly aerobic except in media with
nitrate, optimal growth temperature 37 ºC. Growth at 42 ºC, but not at 4 ºC.
Media: Nutritive agar, Trypticase Soy Agar, Mac Conkey.
have a diameter of 1 to 2 mm. By extending the duration of incubation, the colonies
become opaque and have a brownish center. When the strain is capsulated, colonies
are whitish and sticky.No growth factors required. Strictly aerobic except in media with
nitrate, optimal growth temperature 37 ºC. Growth at 42 ºC, but not at 4 ºC.
Media: Nutritive agar, Trypticase Soy Agar, Mac Conkey.
Isolated from human & animal samples.
The caussative agent of glanders (farcy, morve, morva) in humans (pneumonia, bacteraemia) and animals. Horses and donkeys are
the most susceptible. Hamsters proved to be highly susceptible to B. mallei experimental infection.
Can poduce a polysaccharide capsule, protecting the cell from phagocytosis.
the most susceptible. Hamsters proved to be highly susceptible to B. mallei experimental infection.
Can poduce a polysaccharide capsule, protecting the cell from phagocytosis.
- Zop W.: Die Spaltpilze, 3rd ed. Edward Trewendt, Breslau, 1885, pp. 1-127.
- Redfearn M.S., Palleroni N.J. & Stanier R.Y.: A comparative study of Pseudomonas pseudomallei and Bacillus mallei. Journal
of General Microbiology, 1966, 43, 293-313. - Yabuuchi E., Kosako Y., Oyaizu H., Yano I., Hotta H., Hashimoto Y., Ezaki T. & Arakawa M.: Proposal of Burkholderia gen. nov.
and transfer of seven species of the genus Pseudomonas homology group II to the new genus, with the type species
Burkholderia cepacia (Palleroni and Holmes 1981) comb. nov. Microbiol. Immunol., 1992, 36, 1251-1275. - M. Stephen Lever, Michelle Nelson, Philip I. Ireland, Anthony J. Stagg, Richard J. Beedham, Graham A. Hall, Georgina Knight
and Richard W. Titball: Experimental aerogenic Burkholderia mallei (glanders) infection in the BALB/c mouse. J Med Micr. 52
(2003). - Pseudomonas pseudomallei i Pseudomonas mallei--kapsuloobrazuiushchie bakterii. S F Popov, V Ia Kurilov, and A T Iakovlev.
Zh Mikrobiol Epidemiol Immunobiol. 1995 Sep–Oct; (5): 32–36.
Glucose, xylose, gelatin, ADH, positive. Starch variable.
Ribose, rhamnose, levulinate, citraconate, mesaconate, tartrate, erythritol, adonitol
negative (can be differentiated from Burkholderia pseudomallei by negative ribose
and erythritol utilization).
Ribose, rhamnose, levulinate, citraconate, mesaconate, tartrate, erythritol, adonitol
negative (can be differentiated from Burkholderia pseudomallei by negative ribose
and erythritol utilization).
(c) Costin Stoica
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