Oxidase & catalase positive. Levan is produced from sucrose. Can produce esterases
C5, C6, C8, C9 and C10.
Starch and o-nitrophenyl beta-D-galactopyranoside cannot be assimilated.
Does not form indole from tryptophan. Does not decarboxylate lysine or ornithine.
No elastase, coagulase, beta-xylosidase (p-nitrophenyl beta-D-xylopyranoside test) or phenylalanine deaminase activities are
reported. No activity against DNA. Fibrinolysin test is negative. Voges-Proskauer test and gelatin liquefaction are negative. Levan is
produced from sucrose. Can produce esterases C5, C6, C8, C9 and C10.
Positive for the utilization of D-glucose, D-fructose, D-trehalose, D-ribose, L-arabitol, xylitol, glycerol, myo-inositol, D-mannitol,
adonitol, meso-erythritol, L-malate, cis-aconitate, citrate, 2-keto-D-gluconate, N-acetyl D-glucosamine, D-gluconate, protocatechuate,
quinate, betaine , putrescine, DL-alpha-amino-n-butyrate, DL-lactate, caprate, caprylate, succinate, fumarate, glutarate, DL-glycerate,
D-glucosamine, itaconate, DL-beta-hydroxybutyrate, L-aspartate, L-glutamate, L-proline, D-alanine, L-alanine, L-serine, malonate,
propionate, L-tyrosine & 2-oxoglutarate.
Not utilized : L-sorbose, D-melibiose, sucrose, D-raffinose, maltotriose, maltose, alpha-lactose, lactulose, 1 -O-methyl beta-
galactopyranoside, 1-O-methyl alpha-galactopyranoside, D-cellobiose, beta-gentiobiose, 1-0-methyl beta-D-glucopyranoside,
aesculin, L-arabinose, D-xylose, palatinose, alpha-L-rhamnose, alpha-L-fucose, D-melezitose, dulcitol, D-tagatose, maltitol, D-
turanose, D-sorbitol, hydroxyquinoline beta-glucuronide, D-lyxose, 1 –O methyl alpha-D-glicopyranoside, 3-O-methyl D-
glucopyranose, D-saccharate, mucate, L-tartrate, D-tartrate, meso-tartrate, tricarballylate, D-glucuronate, D-galacturonate, 5-keto-D-
gluconate, L-tryptophan, phenylacetate, 3-phenylpropionate, m-coumarate, trigonelline, histamine & L-histidine.
Negative for alpha-D-galactosidase, beta-D-galactosidase, phospho-beta-D-galactosidase, alpha-L-arabinosidase, alpha-D-
glucosidase, beta-D-glucosidase, beta-D-galacturonohydrolase, beta-D-glucuronidase, alpha-maltosidase, beta-maltosidase, N-
acetyl-alpha-o-glucosaminidase, alpha-L-fucosidase, beta-D-fucosidase, beta-L-fucosidase, beta-D-lactosidase, alpha-D-
mannosidase, beta-D-mannosidase, alpha-D-xylosidase, beta-D-xylosidase, esterase-C 18, N-benzoyl-leucine arylamidase, N-
benzoyl-L-alanine-4-methoxy arylamidase, N-carboxybenzoxy-arginyl-4-methoxy arylamidase, N-acetyl-glycyl-L-lysine arylamidase.
Variable reactions for urease, denitrification, lecithinase, assimilation of mucate, itaconate, benzoate, ethanolamine, D-galactose & D-
malate.
C5, C6, C8, C9 and C10.
Starch and o-nitrophenyl beta-D-galactopyranoside cannot be assimilated.
Does not form indole from tryptophan. Does not decarboxylate lysine or ornithine.
No elastase, coagulase, beta-xylosidase (p-nitrophenyl beta-D-xylopyranoside test) or phenylalanine deaminase activities are
reported. No activity against DNA. Fibrinolysin test is negative. Voges-Proskauer test and gelatin liquefaction are negative. Levan is
produced from sucrose. Can produce esterases C5, C6, C8, C9 and C10.
Positive for the utilization of D-glucose, D-fructose, D-trehalose, D-ribose, L-arabitol, xylitol, glycerol, myo-inositol, D-mannitol,
adonitol, meso-erythritol, L-malate, cis-aconitate, citrate, 2-keto-D-gluconate, N-acetyl D-glucosamine, D-gluconate, protocatechuate,
quinate, betaine , putrescine, DL-alpha-amino-n-butyrate, DL-lactate, caprate, caprylate, succinate, fumarate, glutarate, DL-glycerate,
D-glucosamine, itaconate, DL-beta-hydroxybutyrate, L-aspartate, L-glutamate, L-proline, D-alanine, L-alanine, L-serine, malonate,
propionate, L-tyrosine & 2-oxoglutarate.
Not utilized : L-sorbose, D-melibiose, sucrose, D-raffinose, maltotriose, maltose, alpha-lactose, lactulose, 1 -O-methyl beta-
galactopyranoside, 1-O-methyl alpha-galactopyranoside, D-cellobiose, beta-gentiobiose, 1-0-methyl beta-D-glucopyranoside,
aesculin, L-arabinose, D-xylose, palatinose, alpha-L-rhamnose, alpha-L-fucose, D-melezitose, dulcitol, D-tagatose, maltitol, D-
turanose, D-sorbitol, hydroxyquinoline beta-glucuronide, D-lyxose, 1 –O methyl alpha-D-glicopyranoside, 3-O-methyl D-
glucopyranose, D-saccharate, mucate, L-tartrate, D-tartrate, meso-tartrate, tricarballylate, D-glucuronate, D-galacturonate, 5-keto-D-
gluconate, L-tryptophan, phenylacetate, 3-phenylpropionate, m-coumarate, trigonelline, histamine & L-histidine.
Negative for alpha-D-galactosidase, beta-D-galactosidase, phospho-beta-D-galactosidase, alpha-L-arabinosidase, alpha-D-
glucosidase, beta-D-glucosidase, beta-D-galacturonohydrolase, beta-D-glucuronidase, alpha-maltosidase, beta-maltosidase, N-
acetyl-alpha-o-glucosaminidase, alpha-L-fucosidase, beta-D-fucosidase, beta-L-fucosidase, beta-D-lactosidase, alpha-D-
mannosidase, beta-D-mannosidase, alpha-D-xylosidase, beta-D-xylosidase, esterase-C 18, N-benzoyl-leucine arylamidase, N-
benzoyl-L-alanine-4-methoxy arylamidase, N-carboxybenzoxy-arginyl-4-methoxy arylamidase, N-acetyl-glycyl-L-lysine arylamidase.
Variable reactions for urease, denitrification, lecithinase, assimilation of mucate, itaconate, benzoate, ethanolamine, D-galactose & D-
malate.
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Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Gram negative rods, motile by one polar flagellum.
Pyoverdin is produced on King B medium and on S1 medium. No phenazine
pigments are observed on King A medium.
Strictly aerobic, growth temperature 4 - 35 ºC. No growth at 41 ºC. Media: Nutritive
agar, Trypticase Soy Agar, King’s medium. Significant growth is observed only at low
NaCl concentrations (up to 0.8 %) and not at 5 or 7 %.
pigments are observed on King A medium.
Strictly aerobic, growth temperature 4 - 35 ºC. No growth at 41 ºC. Media: Nutritive
agar, Trypticase Soy Agar, King’s medium. Significant growth is observed only at low
NaCl concentrations (up to 0.8 %) and not at 5 or 7 %.
Isolated from mineral waters.
Unknown (none).
- Verhille S., Baida N., Dabboussi F., Hamze M., Izard D. & Leclerc H.: Pseudomonas gessardii sp. nov. and Pseudomonas
migulae sp. nov., two new species isolated from natural mineral waters. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1999, 49, 1559-1572.
Bacteria => Proteobacteria => Gammaproteobacteria => Pseudomonadales => Pseudomonadaceae => Pseudomonas =>
Pseudomonas gessardii Verhille et al. 1999
Pseudomonas gessardii Verhille et al. 1999
(c) Costin Stoica
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