| Bacillus sporothermodurans |
Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Phylum Firmicutes, Class Bacilli, Order Bacillales, Family Bacillaceae, Genus Bacillus, Bacillus sporothermodurans Pettersson,
Lembke, Hammer, Stackebrandt and Priest 1996.
Lembke, Hammer, Stackebrandt and Priest 1996.
Gram-positive rods, filamentous, 0.7 x 3.4-8.2 to 30 µm long, usually motile by
peritrichous flagella. Produce paracentral / subterminal or terminal, spherical to
ellipsoidal endospores (1.7 µm long) in slightly swollen / unswollen sporangia;
sporulation is rare but can be enhanced by using BHI-soil extract agar supplemented
with vitamin B12 and MnSO4.
peritrichous flagella. Produce paracentral / subterminal or terminal, spherical to
ellipsoidal endospores (1.7 µm long) in slightly swollen / unswollen sporangia;
sporulation is rare but can be enhanced by using BHI-soil extract agar supplemented
with vitamin B12 and MnSO4.
Colonies are smooth or glossy, beige or cream, 1-2 mm in diameter, flat, after 2 days
on BHI agar supplemented with 5 mg/L MnSO4 and 1 mg/L vitamin B12 . Strictly
aerobic. Grow poorly on nutritive agar. Good growth is obtained on BHI agar. Growth
temperature 20-55 ºC, pH 5-9. Grow in 0-5% NaCl, no growth in 7% NaCl. Require
vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin) for good growth; alantoin or urate are not required.
on BHI agar supplemented with 5 mg/L MnSO4 and 1 mg/L vitamin B12 . Strictly
aerobic. Grow poorly on nutritive agar. Good growth is obtained on BHI agar. Growth
temperature 20-55 ºC, pH 5-9. Grow in 0-5% NaCl, no growth in 7% NaCl. Require
vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin) for good growth; alantoin or urate are not required.
Strains isolated from UHT treated (135-142 ºC for several seconds) milk grow poorly and sporulate poorly, but their spores show very
high heat resistance. This very high heat resistance may decrease upon subculture. Isolates from farm environments may grow more
readily than UHT milk isolates but be less heat resistant.
high heat resistance. This very high heat resistance may decrease upon subculture. Isolates from farm environments may grow more
readily than UHT milk isolates but be less heat resistant.
Apparently doesn't spoil the milk and is non-pathogenic.
- N.A. Logan and P. De Vos, 2009. Genus I. Bacillus Cohn 1872. In: (Eds.) P.D. Vos, G. Garrity, D. Jones, N.R. Krieg, W. Ludwig, F.A.
Rainey, K.-H. Schleifer, W.B. Whitman. Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Volume 3: The Firmicutes, Springer, 21-127. - B. Pettersson, F. Lembke, P. Hammer, E. Stackebrandt and F.G.Priest, 1996. Bacillus sporothemodurans, a New Species
Producing Highly Heat-Resistant Endospores. IJSB 46, 759-764.
Positive results for hydrolysis of esculin, hydrolysis of gelatin, oxidase, catalase, nitrate reduction, acid production from: D-glucose,
N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, fructose, maltose, sucrose & trehalose.
Negative results for arginine dihydrolase, beta-galactosidase, lysine decarboxylase, ornithine decarboxylase, hydrolysis of urea, egg
yolk reaction, indole production, H2S production, hydrolysis of casein, hydrolysis of starch, acid production from: L- or D- arabinose,
adonitol, D- or L-arabitol, dulcitol, erythritol, D- or L-fucose, galactose, gluconate, glycogen, meso-inositol, inulin, 2- or
5-ketogluconate, lactose, lyxose, melibiose, methyl beta-xyloside, raffinose, rhamnose, ribose, sorbitol, sorbose, L- or D-xylose.
Variable results for Voges-Proskauer, citrate utilization, acid production from: D-mannitol, D-mannose, glycerol, salicin, amygdalin,
starch, arbutin, cellobiose, beta-gentiobiose, melezitose & xylitol (weak).
N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, fructose, maltose, sucrose & trehalose.
Negative results for arginine dihydrolase, beta-galactosidase, lysine decarboxylase, ornithine decarboxylase, hydrolysis of urea, egg
yolk reaction, indole production, H2S production, hydrolysis of casein, hydrolysis of starch, acid production from: L- or D- arabinose,
adonitol, D- or L-arabitol, dulcitol, erythritol, D- or L-fucose, galactose, gluconate, glycogen, meso-inositol, inulin, 2- or
5-ketogluconate, lactose, lyxose, melibiose, methyl beta-xyloside, raffinose, rhamnose, ribose, sorbitol, sorbose, L- or D-xylose.
Variable results for Voges-Proskauer, citrate utilization, acid production from: D-mannitol, D-mannose, glycerol, salicin, amygdalin,
starch, arbutin, cellobiose, beta-gentiobiose, melezitose & xylitol (weak).
(c) Costin Stoica
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