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Taxonomy
Morphology
Growth conditions
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Bacteria => Firmicutes => Bacilli => Bacillales => Paenibacillaceae => Paenibacillus => Paenibacillus larvae subsp. pulvifaciens
(Nakamura 1984) Heyndrickx et al. 1996, comb.nov.
Historical synonyms: Bacillus pulvifaciens (ex Katznelson 1950) Nakamura 1984, Bacillus pulvifaciens (Katznelson 1950),
Paenibacillus pulvifaciens (Nakamura 1984) Ash et al. 1994.
(Nakamura 1984) Heyndrickx et al. 1996, comb.nov.
Historical synonyms: Bacillus pulvifaciens (ex Katznelson 1950) Nakamura 1984, Bacillus pulvifaciens (Katznelson 1950),
Paenibacillus pulvifaciens (Nakamura 1984) Ash et al. 1994.
Gram positive, 0.3-0.7 / 1.5-3 μm bacillus. Motility variable (15-49% of strains are motile).
Ellipsoidal, central or paracentral spore, swelling the sporangium. Spores are produced after 5-7 days of incubation.
Unpigmented or buff to red, thin and non-spreading, up to 3 mm. diameter colonies on agar media.
Ellipsoidal, central or paracentral spore, swelling the sporangium. Spores are produced after 5-7 days of incubation.
Unpigmented or buff to red, thin and non-spreading, up to 3 mm. diameter colonies on agar media.
Maximum temperature 40-45 ºC; minimum temperature 20 ºC. Grow on routine
media.
Growth in anaerobic agar
Growth in nutrient broth
No growth in 5% NaCl, in 10% NaCl or at 5.7 pH
media.
Growth in anaerobic agar
Growth in nutrient broth
No growth in 5% NaCl, in 10% NaCl or at 5.7 pH
Isolated from the dead larvae of honeybees.
Associated with powdery scale of the larvae of honeybees.
- Gordon R.E., Haynes W.C., Pang C.H. (1973) – The genus Bacillus . Agriculture Handbook No. 427, U.S.D.A., Washington D.C.
- Buchanan R.E., Gibbons N.E., Cowan S.T., Holt J.G., Liston J., Murray R.G.E., Niven C.F., Ravin A.W., Stanier R.W. ( 1974) –
Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, Eight Edition, The Williams & Wilkins Company, Baltimore. - Euzeby J.P.: Dictionnaire de Bacteriologie Veterinaire.http://www.bacterio.cict.fr/bacdico/pp/panibacillus.html
- H. Katznelson: BACILLUS PULVIFACIENS (N. SP.), AN ORGANISM ASSOCIATED WITH POWDERY SCALE OF HONEYBEE
LARVAE. J Bacteriol. 1950 February; 59(2): 153–155. - M. HEYNDRICKX, K. VANDEMEULEBROECKE, B. HOSTE, P. JANSSEN, l K. KERSTERS, P. DE VOS, N. A. LOGAN, N. ALI & R.
C. W. BERKELEY: Reclassification of Paenibacillus (formerly Bacillus) pulvifaciens (Nakamura 1984) Ash et al. 1994, a Later
Subjective Synonym of Paenibacillus (formerly Bacillus) larvae (White 1906) Ash et al. 1994, as a Subspecies of P. larvae, with
Emended Descriptions of P. larvae as P. larvae subsp. larvae and P. larvae subsp. pulvifaciens. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL
OF SYSTEMATIC BACTERIOLOGY, Jan. 1996, p. 270-279
Acid produced from glucose, mannitol, trehalose, fructose & lactose.
Acid not produced from maltose, saccharose, salicin, arabinose, xylose galactose &
mannose.
Starch hydrolysis, hydrolase of urea, catalase, decomposition of tyrosine,
Voges-Proskauer, citrate utilization & indole negative.
Reduction of nitrate to nitrite, decomposition of casein & resistance to lysozyme
positive.
Acid not produced from maltose, saccharose, salicin, arabinose, xylose galactose &
mannose.
Starch hydrolysis, hydrolase of urea, catalase, decomposition of tyrosine,
Voges-Proskauer, citrate utilization & indole negative.
Reduction of nitrate to nitrite, decomposition of casein & resistance to lysozyme
positive.
(c) Costin Stoica
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