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Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Bacteria => Firmicutes => Bacilli => Bacillales => Bacillaceae => Psychrobacillus => Psychrobacillus insolitus (Larkin and Stokes
1967) Krishnamurthi et al. 2011.
Basonym: Bacillus insolitus Larkin and Stokes (1967).
1967) Krishnamurthi et al. 2011.
Basonym: Bacillus insolitus Larkin and Stokes (1967).
Gram positive, motile rods or coccoid rods, 1.0-1.5 x 1.6-2.7 μm, on nutrient agar and 0.7-0.9 x 2.4-5.3 µm on trypticase soy agar. One
polar and one subpolar flagellum. Non-motile cocci may be found. Sporulates and germinates at 0 ºC. Spores are spherical to
cylindrical, 0.7 x 1.4 µm in diameter. Terminal ellipsoidal and cylindrical spores are formed in rod-shaped cells. Not swelling the
sporangia.
polar and one subpolar flagellum. Non-motile cocci may be found. Sporulates and germinates at 0 ºC. Spores are spherical to
cylindrical, 0.7 x 1.4 µm in diameter. Terminal ellipsoidal and cylindrical spores are formed in rod-shaped cells. Not swelling the
sporangia.
Colonies on nutrient agar are small, soft, off-white and irregular. Maximum growth
temperature 25 ºC, minimum 0-5 ºC. Grow in 2% NaCl (variable) and at pH 7. Do not
grow in anaerobic agar, in 5-10% NaCl or at pH 5.7. NaCl, allantoin or urate are not
required for growth.
temperature 25 ºC, minimum 0-5 ºC. Grow in 2% NaCl (variable) and at pH 7. Do not
grow in anaerobic agar, in 5-10% NaCl or at pH 5.7. NaCl, allantoin or urate are not
required for growth.
Isolated from normal and marshy soil. No growth in the presence of lysozyme.
Not determined.
- Gordon R.E., Haynes W.C., Pang C.H. (1973) – The genus Bacillus . Agriculture Handbook No. 427, U.S.D.A., Washington D.C.
- Buchanan R.E., Gibbons N.E., Cowan S.T., Holt J.G., Liston J., Murray R.G.E., Niven C.F., Ravin A.W., Stanier R.W. ( 1974) –
Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, Eight Edition, The Williams & Wilkins Company, Baltimore. - N.A. Logan and P. De Vos, 2009. Genus I. Bacillus Cohn 1872. In: (Eds.) P.D. Vos, G. Garrity, D. Jones, N.R. Krieg, W. Ludwig,
F.A. Rainey, K.-H. Schleifer, W.B. Whitman. Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Volume 3: The Firmicutes, Springer, 21-
127. - Euzeby J.P. - "List of Bacterial Names with Standing in Nomenclature". http://www.bacterio.cict.fr/b/bacillus.html
Positive for catalase, oxidase, hydrolysis of esculin, beta-galactosidase, acid
production from: glycerol, starch, N-acetil-D-glucosamine, amygdalin, arbutin,
cellobiose, fructose, beta-gentibiose, maltose, ribose & sucrose.
Negative results for starch hydrolysis, reduction of nitrate to nitrite, decomposition of
casein, decomposition of tyrosine, Voges-Proskauer reaction, arginine dihydrolase,
lysine decarboxylase, ornithine decarboxylase, tryptophan deaminase citrate utilization,
indole production, hydrolysis of gelatin, acid production from methyl beta-xyloside,
glucose, mannitol, D-mannose, adonitol , D- or L-arabinose, L-arabitol, dulcitol,
erythritol, D- or L-fucose, gluconate, 2- or 5-ketogluconate, salicin, sorbose, xylitol & xylose.
Variable results for deamination of phenylalanine, hydrolysis of urea, acid production from: glycogen, D-arabitol, galactose,
meso-inositol, inulin, lactose, lyxose, melezitose , melibiose, raffinose, rhamnose, sorbitol & trehalose.
production from: glycerol, starch, N-acetil-D-glucosamine, amygdalin, arbutin,
cellobiose, fructose, beta-gentibiose, maltose, ribose & sucrose.
Negative results for starch hydrolysis, reduction of nitrate to nitrite, decomposition of
casein, decomposition of tyrosine, Voges-Proskauer reaction, arginine dihydrolase,
lysine decarboxylase, ornithine decarboxylase, tryptophan deaminase citrate utilization,
indole production, hydrolysis of gelatin, acid production from methyl beta-xyloside,
glucose, mannitol, D-mannose, adonitol , D- or L-arabinose, L-arabitol, dulcitol,
erythritol, D- or L-fucose, gluconate, 2- or 5-ketogluconate, salicin, sorbose, xylitol & xylose.
Variable results for deamination of phenylalanine, hydrolysis of urea, acid production from: glycogen, D-arabitol, galactose,
meso-inositol, inulin, lactose, lyxose, melezitose , melibiose, raffinose, rhamnose, sorbitol & trehalose.
(c) Costin Stoica
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